ORFDZHE
IQ MRMGMEPQIRXI GSQ S
RSQI HI 6EMPW 7YQQMX 0EXMR %QIVMGE
GSQ E TVIWIRpE HI TIWWSEW .j
IQ GSQ S RSQI EXYEP QEMW
HI TEVXMGMTERXIW EWWMWXMVEQ
kW TEPIWXVEW
*EFMS %OMXE YQ HSW SVKERM^EHSVIW
HS IZIRXS I TEVGIMVS HE 0SGE[IF
VIWWEPXSY S TETIP HE 6YF]'SRJ &VEWMP
TEVE E TSTYPEVM^EpnS HE PMRKYEKIQ
RS 4EuW ±%RXIW HI SVKERM^EQSW IWWE
GSRJIVsRGME E QEMSVME HEW TIWWSEW
XMRLE ETIREW SYZMHS JEPEV S UYI IVE
6YF] QEW RnS WEFME ES GIVXS UYEP
IVE E WYE YXMPMHEHI ,SNI UYEWI XSHSW
SW TVS½WWMSREMW HE jVIE UYI GLIKEQ
EXq RzW Nj XsQ FSRW GSRLIGMQIRXSW
WSFVI E JIVVEQIRXE² I\TPMGE S
TVS½WWMSREP UYI XEQFqQ q EYXSV HS
TVMQIMVS PMZVS WSFVI S EWWYRXS RS
&VEWMP
6ITIRWERHS E;IF GSQ 6EMPW
(VSHFLDOLVWDV
LQWHUQDFLRQDLV
%PqQ HS GVIWGMQIRXS RS RQIVS
HI TEVXMGMTERXIW VIKMWXVEHS TIPE
IHMpnS HE 6YF]'SRJ &VEWMP
SYXVE GEVEGXIVuWXMGE UYI HIQSRWXVE
S EYQIRXS HE MQTSVXlRGME REGMSREP
RS QYRHS 6YF] q E TVIWIRpE HI
IWTIGMEPMWXEW HI HMZIVWSW TEuWIW
MRGPYMRHS TVSKVEQEHSVIW HI
-RKPEXIVVE )WXEHSW 9RMHSW 'SWXE
6MGE 9VYKYEM :IRI^YIPE I %VKIRXMRE
3 RSVXI EQIVMGERS (EZMH &PEGO YQ
HSW TVIGYVWSVIW HS 6YF] SR 6EMPW
WI WYVTVIIRHIY TSWMXMZEQIRXI GSQ
S RuZIP UYI E GSQYRMHEHI FVEWMPIMVE
EPGERpSY ±)Y RnS WEFME S UYI IY
IRGSRXVEVME EUYM IQ 7nS 4EYPS RIQ
GSQS IWXEZE S HIWIRZSPZMQIRXS HE
PMRKYEKIQ RS 4EuW QEW E UYEPMHEHI HE
SVKERM^EpnS I S RQIVS HI EHITXSW
WYTIVEVEQ QMRLE I\TIGXEXMZE² HM^
&PEGO GSQIpSY E XVMPLEV S
GEQMRLS HS 6EMPW IQ I
LSNI q YQ HSW HMVIXSVIW HE 6YF]
'IRXVEP SVKERM^EpnS UYI HIY
SVMKIQ ESW IZIRXSW 6YF]'SRJ I
6EMPW'SRJ (ITSMW HI GSRUYMWXEV
E RSXSVMIHEHI MRXIVREGMSREP S
IRGSRXVS SVKERM^EHS TIPE 0SGE[IF
TEVE GSQTEVXMPLEV I\TIVMsRGMEW HI
6YF] RS &VEWMP TEWWSY E JE^IV TEVXI
HI YQ GEPIRHjVMS GLEQEHS 6YF] 7YV
8YV UYI MRGPYM IZIRXSW RE %VKIRXMRE
9VYKYEM 'LMPI 'SP|QFME I 1q\MGS
%PqQ HEW %QqVMGEW E XIGRSPSKME
IWXj TVIWIRXI IQ HMZIVWEW SYXVEW
TEVXIW HS QYRHS 4EVE %EVSR
4EXXIVWSR UYI ½KYVE IRXVI SW
TVS½WWMSREMW QEMW EXYERXIW RIWWE jVIE
EW HMJIVIRpEW IRXVI EW PuRKYEW HI GEHE
TEuW RnS MQTIHIQ UYI WINE TSWWuZIP
GSQTEVXMPLEV S GSRLIGMQIRXS ±.j
½^ TEPIWXVEW IQ ZjVMEW TEVXIW HS
QYRHS EXq RS .ETnS I WIQTVI
GSRWIKYM QI GSQYRMGEV GSQ SW
SYXVSW TVSKVEQEHSVIW % PMRKYEKIQ
6YF] q YRMZIVWEP² GSRXE 4EXXIVWSR
HIWIRZSPZI ETPMGEXMZSW TEVE E
IQTVIWE %8 8 3 RSVXI EQIVMGERS
MRMGMSY I IRGIVVSY EW EXMZMHEHIW HS
2TXHÄ
5XE\
RQ5DLOV
$ WHFQRORJLD 5XE\ FRQVLVWH HP XP IUDPHZRUN FRP
F´GLJR OLYUH GHVHQYROYLGR SDUD SURSRUFLRQDU DRV
SURJUDPDGRUHV PDLRU YHORFLGDGH H DJLOLGDGH QD KRUD GH
GHVHQYROYHU ZHEVLWHV H DSOLFDWLYRV SDUD D LQWHUQHW 2
IUDPHZRUN ª FDSD] GH DOLDU FDUDFWHU®VWLFDV GH RXWURV
DSOLFDWLYRV FRPR 6PDOOWDN 3\WKRQ H 3HUO 2XWUR
GHWDOKH TXH ID] FRP TXH R 5XE\ GLQDPL]H D FULD¨¤R
GH F´GLJRV ª D VXD OLQJXDJHP GH SURJUDPD¨¤R TXH
WRUQD RV F´GLJRV PDLV VLPSOHV H R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR
FRQVHTXHQWHPHQWH ª PDLV U¢SLGR 7XGR FRPH¨RX
QR -DS¤R QR LQ®FLR GRV DQRV
H GHSRLV VH
SRSXODUL]RX SHOD UHGH QRV DQRV VHJXLQWHV
$QWHV GD
FRQIHU«QFLD D
PDLRULD GDV SHVVRDV
WLQKD DSHQDV RXYLGR
IDODU VREUH 5XE\
+RMH TXDVH WRGRV
RV SURILVVLRQDLV GD
¢UHD M¢ W«P ERQV
FRQKHFLPHQWRV
VREUH D IHUUDPHQWD
1R7ZLWWHU
HDRYLYR
4XHP TXLVHU VDEHU PDLV VREUH
D 5XE\&RQI %UDVLO
SRGH
DFHVVDU R WZLWWHU RILFLDO GR HYHQWR
ZZZ WZLWWHU FRP UXE\FRQIEU
QR TXDO VH GHVWDFDP DV PHOKRUHV
PHQVDJHQV HQYLDGDV GXUDQWH D
FRQIHU«QFLD $OªP GLVVR R
HYHQWR WHYH WUDQVPLVV¤R DR
YLYR SHOD LQWHUQHW QR VLWH
ZZZ HYHQWLDOV FRP UXE\FRQIEU
7RGDV DV SDOHVWUDV DLQGD SRGHP
VHU YLVWDV QR OLQN FXMR Q»PHUR GH
YLVXDOL]D¨¶HV SDVVD GH GH] PLO H
FUHVFH D FDGD GLD
*EFMS %OMXE
3VKERM^EHSV HE
6YF]'SRJ &VEWMP I TEVGIMVS HE 0SGE[IF
WIKYRHS HME HE GSRJIVsRGME
3YXVS I\IQTPS HS GEVjXIV
MRXIVREGMSREP HS 6YF] SR 6EMPW WnS
EW IQTVIWEW QYPXMREGMSREMW UYI
YXMPM^EQ E XIGRSPSKME TEVE EPGERpEV
HMZIVWSW TEuWIW WMQYPXERIEQIRXI -ZER
1SWGSWS VITVIWIRXERXI HS +VSYTSR
TSV I\IQTPS IWXIZI RE 6YF]'SRJ
&VEWMP TEVE TEPIWXVEV E VIWTIMXS HE
TVIWIRpE HS WMXI HI ZIRHEW GSPIXMZEW
RS &VEWMP ±+VERHI TEVXI HS +VSYTSR
q FEWIEHE IQ 6YF] ) S QIVGEHS
FVEWMPIMVS IWXj TVSRXS TEVE HEV
WYTSVXI E IWWE PMRKYEKIQ² GSRGPYM